Most Indian households have multiple earning members to support consumption expenses on a day to day basis. India had a high rate of rural to urban migration, as Indian cities provided better standards of living and employment opportunities.įor most of the population, income is earned in form of wages or salary, rent from residential or commercial property, interest from financial investments, and profits from family businesses. This percentage varied among the rural and urban areas, where over 75 percent of the rural households and 45 percent of the urban households earned up to 10,000 Indian rupees monthly. Since the 1990s, and, particularly in the 2000s, GDP growth has accelerated to 7%, but employment growth has slowed to 1%, or even less.According to a survey conducted in 2015 across India, over 60 percent of the surveyed households had an average monthly income up to 10,000 Indian rupees. “In the 1970s and 1980s, when GDP growth was around 3-4%, employment growth was around 2% per annum. Currently, a 10% increase in GDP results in less than 1% increase in employment, it said. The report reiterated that India has been struggling to convert its high economic growth into jobs growth. The report, however, noted that the average salary is much below the central pay commission Group D salary. The services sector was key for employment generation and annual wage in the sector grew by 5% between 20, higher than unorganized manufacturing. In the most recent period, from 2010 to 2015, real wages grew faster, at a CAGR of 2% for organized manufacturing, 4% for unorganized manufacturing, and 5% for unorganized services, the report added. Interestingly, wage growth in organized manufacturing has been slower than that in the unorganized sector, resulting in a narrowing of wage gap among organized and unorganized sector employees. In agriculture and un-organized manufacturing and services, the compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) was about 3%. The report went on to add that between 20, real wages grew in every sector. “This can probably account for the extremely high demand for government employment seen all over the country," it said.
While the average monthly salary of regular workers was at ₹ 13,562, non-regular workers earned ₹ 5,853 per month.
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